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常见耳塞/耳机的频响曲线图片来源:soplyhy 文章出处:iMP3.net 作者:soplyhy
[论坛] 发布时间:2008.05.12 14:59 原文链接
1、对于测试有相关文字: The most important thing in a good headphone measurement is to use a proper head microphone.We use a Head Acoustics Artificial Head Measurement System to perform headphone measurements in compliance with industry standards.Wolfgang,as we call him,has soft outer ears just like you and I.The material is designed to have the same acoustic absorption characteristics as human skin and bone.Wolfie has ear canals,too.At the bottom of each is a calibrated instrumentation microphone.When we place a pair of headphones on this head,the overall acoustic coupling to the microphones is just like it would be on the"average"human.The acoustic response of each head is measured before leaving the factory and calibration curves are sent along with each head.We use these curves to subtract from our measurements to get our reference for"flat".We also have to make sure everything is very quiet around the head.We have a small anechoic chamber in which we mount the head and other required equipment.The anechoic chamber prevents sound from the headphones from getting out into the room,bouncing off a wall,and then coming back into the headphone and disturbing the measurement.The test signals are generated,and the microphone return signal is analyzed by an Audio Precision System Two Cascade audio analyzer.The headphones are driven by a HeadRoom Max headphone amplifier.All measurements are done with the volume at the headphones at 90dB SPL@1kHz.A Sound Pressure Level of 90dB is a little louder than normal listening volume;headphones should be able to reproduce well at this level.When we perform a headphone measurement we carefully place the headphone on Wolfgang;close the door on the chamber;punch the"go"button on the computer that controls the Audio Precision;the AP executes the measurement script,sequentially performing the tests.When it's all done,the data is saved to a folder and then uploaded to the website for display.Pretty simple really,once you've figured out how to do it--which wasn't quite so easy;but it was fun. 简要翻译如下: 对于优秀的耳机测试而言,最重要的是使用合适的人头麦克(类似人头录音的双麦克)。我们使用一个人工人头音频测试系统来进行耳机的测试并严格参照行业标准(执行)。我们所称的WOLFGANG(估计是一个人造人头模具的名字)有一对和你我一样的柔软的耳朵,所使用的材料模拟耳郭的质地以保证得到与人耳郭(皮肤和骨头我就合起来翻译了)相同的效果。WOLFIE(那个人造人头)同样拥有耳道(够精细的)。在每个人造耳朵的底部(耳道内)各有一个用于测量的人头麦克。当我们放置耳机在人造人头上时,“全频段录入”的人头麦克(全频段,很强)录入的信号就如人类耳蜗收到的平均声信号一样。人造人头的每一侧的声音频响都在其出厂之前被测试过并且其每一侧的测量结果曲线图都被遂同一起送出。我们使用厂家配送的曲线图减去我们的测量数据以得到我们的降音参考。 同样的,我们也必须确认人造人头的周围十分安静。我们有一个小隔音室并将人造人头和其他的必需设备至于其中。小隔音室能够阻止耳机的声音漏出及室壁反射声音而影响测试效果。 测试的声音信号(由耳机)产生之后,通过人头麦克将信号回传给双联极音频信号精度分析系统(名字够长的,不知道翻译对了没)进行分析。所测试的耳机由HeadRoom Max headphone amplifier耳放推动(MS很不错,开始YY了),所有的测试将在行标90分贝SPL@1kHz下进行。于90分贝的音压比平时正常听音的音量要稍高一些;耳机应该在这个条件下有优秀的表现。 当我们执行一个耳机的测试时,我们小心翼翼地将耳机给人造人头佩戴上;关上隔音室的门;在电脑上按下“执行”键来控制分析系统;耳放输出测试的脚本(那个AP我估计是AMP),连续地执行测试。当所有都完成之后,测试数据结果将被存放到一个文件夹并上传到互联网上进行展示。当你们明白如何测试之后,这将是十分简单的(还是有些闪烁其词)——虽然并不十分容易,但充满了乐趣。 2、再说说曲线的分析: 竖轴的0dB是相对于90dB的,如果曲线高于0,就是实际大于90dB,反之亦然。高了的,就说明耳机回放这一区段的声音比较过量,反之亦然。 曲线在高频部分(>5kHz)的波动是常见的,但并不影响听音效果,因为其中存在人耳不明感区间,而且听起来效果好的耳机这一区间通常都是波动的。 只是理论上认为“终端保真耳机”的曲线应该是一条过(0,0d的水平直线,实际是做不出这样的耳机的。) 曲线上以0dB为参照系的频响特性体现了耳机的三频特点,与风格,与音场、解析、结项无关,只能作为频响特点及失真的参考。 3、在隔壁森海分舵本人曾发现过森海产品的部分频响曲线,具体型号相比较之后发现有出入,估计是测试条件的不同所致,所以以上所有图文仅供参,是否属实有待斟酌。 4、欢迎大家拿起手中的耳机对号入座。 参与讨论请点击进入 内容导航栏
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